DATA SHARING:
The most significant difference between a file based systems and database systems is Data sharing. Data sharing also requires a major change in the way of data are handled and managed with in the organization. Data sharing are of 3 (three) types. They are
- Sharing Data between functional units.
- Sharing data between management units.
- Sharing data between geographically dispersed location.
- Sharing data between functional units: The term data sharing suggests that people in different functional areas are use a common pool of data. Each of these are own applications without data sharing the marketing group may have their data files. The purchasing group like accounts group their own data files and marketing group have their own data files and so on… each group benefits from its own data. Eg diagram.
In contrasts the effect of combining data into database is synergistic that is the combined data are more valuable then the some of the data in separated files .Not only does each group continue to have access to its own data but with in a reasonable limits and control they have access to other data as well. In this environment the marketing department for eg: Is better of because it has access to data from purchasing, especially product evolution which provide valuable input for marketing campaigns.
- Sharing data between Management units: Diagram
Different levels of users also need to share data . The three different levels of users are 1. Operation level, 2. Middle Management Level, 3. Execute level.
These three levels are corresponded to the three different types of system these are Electronic data processing, Management information system, and Decision support system.
EXECUTIVE à Decision Support System à Strategic Reports, Queries, Analysis.
MIDDLE MANAGEMENT à Management Information System à Management reports of functional areas.
Operations à Electronic Data Processing System à Transaction file, Maintenance Processing and control reports.
The relationships of the above three systems have to different management levels is shown in diagram .These levels of users and system naturally requires three different types of data. The user at the operational level needs data for transaction processing that is include data for new accounts are changes to an existing accounts management. The management information system level utilize summaries to indicate which sales representatives were most or least productive and executives at highest level used decision support system to discover long term trends that apply to their own corporation as well as to identify the economic social and political environment in which they operate. The DSS means Decision Support System help them makes the decisions such as building a new factory starting or dropping a product line and DSS uses summery data from with in the company as well as market and author data form outside sources.
3.Sharing data between geographically dispersed location: A company with several
locations has important data distributed over a valid geographically area sharing . these data is a significant problems. A centralized database is physically contained to a single location controlled by a single computer that is Personal computer most function for which databases are created and accomplished more easily . If the database is centralized and it is easily to update and back up , recovery and control access to a database . If we know database exactly where it is and what’s software control it and identify the remote place where it is located.
